The Fifth National Climate Assessment (NCA5) report, mandated by the Global Change Research Act of 1990, presents a grim picture of the escalating impacts of human-caused climate change in the United States, emphasizing the need for rapid and significant greenhouse gas emission reductions. The report acknowledges progress in U.S. emission reductions, particularly in electricity generation, but stresses the need for deeper global cuts and enhanced adaptation efforts to manage climate risks. It points out the health and economic benefits of swift emission reductions, which will likely surpass the costs.

Developed with extensive expert review, including that of the lead author of the Midwest chapter, State Climatologist of Ohio Aaron Wilson, assistant professor - Ag Weather and Climate Field Specialist, Department of Extension - College of Food and Agriculture and Environmental Science at The Ohio State University, NCA5 integrates and evaluates findings on global change and its impacts on various sectors like agriculture, energy, and health. The report's key strategies include Mitigation, Adaptation, and Resilience, highlighting advances in renewable energy and energy efficiency. However, it notes trade-offs in climate actions and emphasizes equitable and inclusive planning.

NCA5 warns that climate change will continue intensifying, exacerbating inequities, particularly in disadvantaged communities. It states that harmful impacts will increase even with substantial emission reductions, especially in overburdened communities. The report stresses the crucial role of societal choices and human behavior in shaping future climate trajectories, underscoring the urgency of transformative action for a more resilient and equitable nation.

Learn more by visiting NCA5.

See more images by visiting the USGCRP's Art X Climate Gallery 

Image credit: JON BRADHAM, DROUGHTS EDGE ILLUMINATED. Learn more.